Showing posts with label fantasy. Show all posts
Showing posts with label fantasy. Show all posts

Sunday, 26 February 2017

The Bear and the Nightingale by Katherine Arden



'Frost-demons have no interest in mortal girls wed to mortal men. In the stories, they only come for the wild maiden.'

In a village at the edge of the wilderness of northern Russia, where the winds blow cold and the snow falls many months of the year, an elderly servant tells stories of sorcery, folklore and the Winter King to the children of the family, tales of old magic frowned upon by the church.

But for the young, wild Vasya these are far more than just stories. She alone can see the house spirits that guard her home, and sense the growing forces of dark magic in the woods...

Goodreads description


I read Katherine Arden's novel in my Czech house, while outside some ice crystals like diamonds glistened on the deep pristine snow and others lined the boughs like white daggers. This is a country in which the Slavic spirits of the lakes, trees, thresholds and household stoves, still feature in popular culture. At the mill a few miles from my home they will burn an effegy of the Winter Goddess, Morana, to chase away winter. 

The Bear and the Nightingale is set in medieval Russia when the old Slavic gods and spirits were still very much part of everyday life and beliefs and the Orthodox church struggled to wean its followers off their pagan beliefs. This battle is at the heart of the book. When the priest attempts to turn the people from honouring the spirits who protect them, he brings disaster on their houses. The heroine, Vasya, who not only honours the old ways but actually sees the spirits around her, must seek the help of the Winter King. This sort of cultural clash is the stuff of magic realism, but I am not sure I would describe this book as magic realist.

Over on the Magic Realism Books Facebook Group we were recently having one of our regular discussions about definitions and genre and this book is a good example of how difficult it is to pigeonhole a book. This is in a way a novel in three parts and genres. The first part is straight historical fiction, the second magic realism and the third - fantasy. It is perhaps best defined as fairytale.

Vasya's problems take a turn for the worse when her father remarries and introduces a stepmother, who like Vasya can see the household spirits but unlike Vasya believes them to be devils. The stepmother character, although a fairytale archetype, is treated with understanding and indeed sympathy, and shown to be a victim of a society in which women are treated as no more than brood mares by their relatives, to be traded and married off without any say in the matter. Vasya is potentially also a victim of the same prejudice, but she is the wild girl of the description, both more modern and more pagan.

One of the strengths of the novel is Arden's writing, which is powerful and poetic. The story builds slowly, but that is no bad thing, although it did make the climax feel rather rushed. It is good therefore that this is the first book in a trilogy, as I am sure many readers will be left wanting more of the feisty Vasya.

I received this novel free from the publisher in return for a fair review. 



Wednesday, 27 August 2014

Among Others by Jo Walton


Raised by a half-mad mother who dabbled in magic, Morwenna Phelps found refuge in two worlds. As a child growing up in Wales, she played among the spirits who made their homes in industrial ruins. But her mind found freedom and promise in the science fiction novels that were her closest companions. Then her mother tried to bend the spirits to dark ends, and Mori was forced to confront her in a magical battle that left her crippled--and her twin sister dead.

Fleeing to her father whom she barely knew, Mori was sent to boarding school in England–a place all but devoid of true magic. There, outcast and alone, she tempted fate by doing magic herself, in an attempt to find a circle of like-minded friends. But her magic also drew the attention of her mother, bringing about a reckoning that could no longer be put off…

From Goodreads description


This book won the Hugo Award for Best Novel (2012) and the Nebula Award for Best Novel (2011) and was shortlisted for several more. It isn't exactly surprising that the book was so popular with the speculative fiction fans, as it is in many ways a homage to science fiction and fantasy writing. The central character is a 15-year old girl with a precocious appetite for books in the genre. 

The story is told through entries in her journal, which together with recording incidents in her life also records her thoughts on books. To Mori books are more important than people: I care more about the people in books than the people I see every day. As a result Among Others does not have the strong plot line that you might expect from a fantasy novel. The description above is in many ways misleading. Much of the "action" in the novel is about life in a second-tier boarding school, Mori's interest in a young man at the library Sci-Fi book club, and Mori's relations with her extended family. 

Jo Walton does an excellent job of showing both Mori's intelligence and her inexperience. Mori is at times confident, especially when pronouncing on books, and at others insecure. This is a girl who bases a lot of her interactions with others on what she has read: there's no sex, hardly any love stuff at all, in Middle Earth, which always made me think, yes, the world would be better off without it. 

Without the fairies this would be a realist book. And maybe even with fairies it's realist. We are seeing the story through Mori's eyes and words. How reliable a narrator is she? Is there really magic? She says: You can almost always find chains of coincidence to disprove magic. And she goes on to say of magic: That's because it doesn't happen the way it does in books. It makes those chains of coincidence. That's what it is.  Rather than dismiss the magic, she dismisses the alternative answer. So when people are friendly towards her, she worries that that is because in her loneliness she asked the magic to find her like-minded people. 


The fairies that Mori sees are not like the ones of most stories - true, some are beautiful Tolkien elf-like creatures, but others are more organic, woven from trees and roots. They talk to Mori, but their talk needs Mori to interpret, which of course she does in faux Tolkien elvish. Their answers are usually cryptic and also require interpretation. They are creatures of wasteland, lost remnants of the ancient fae surviving (sometimes literally) between the cracks in pavements. 

Mori reveals very little of the "battle" with her mother that saw her twin killed and herself crippled. She regards her mother as a mad witch, who aspires to be the witch queen. But from what we see in Mori's journal (with the exception of the final section) her mother could just be mad. And is Mori mad also, a disturbed highly intelligent girl? 

In the end I came to the conclusion that Mori was not mad and the magic was real. In the last section of the book the world definitely tilts towards the magical. Mori takes another character to meet the fairies and he appears to do so. This is quickly followed by a confrontation between Mori and her mother. This section was closer to what one would expect from a fantasy novel. It is interesting to note that although Mori reads science fiction she experiences fantasy. 

I found the ending somewhat disappointing, but that is a relatively minor issue. This is a book about a girl with whom I could identify and many of you will too - the book-reading teenager who slowly finds her karass (a Vonnegut word meaning "a group of people linked in a cosmically significant manner, even when superficial links are not evident"). Superficially there are parallels with Harry Potter - she claims to have saved the world from her mother. But the ambiguity in the portrayal of magic and the predominantly realistic content make it more than that. Is it magic realism rather than fantasy? That depends on your definition. 

Friday, 8 August 2014

Labelling Magic Realism - The Discussion Continues



This discussion started with Leigh Podgorski's post and contribution to the bloghop and was followed up by a response from Cadell Blackstock.

Cadell picked up on the following comment in Leigh's post:
“In today’s literary marketplace it seems at times that it is all about the label—though in truth, Magic Realism does not seem to entice anyone to pounce upon the BUY NOW button.”

This is something that, as a writer of magic realism and owner of a blog about it, I think about a lot. I think about as I read a book of magic realism each week. I have said before that I don't think magic realism is category or a genre or even a label. That is why we writers have so much trouble when we try to choose a category, subcategory or genre for our books in Amazon Store or wherever. I would argue that magic realism is an approach to the portrayal of a fictional world and even to looking at the real world. It is not a genre governed by rules.

Inspired by the two blogposts I decided I would examine whether Leigh is right in her assertion. To get a feel for how readers looked at magic realist books, I looked up the books I have reviewed over the last year on Goodreads and in particular looked at how people tagged the books.  

I looked at what tag got the most votes and where magic realism stood in the tags if at all. The reason for this is that 
a) Goodreads tags are chosen by the readers and are not restricted by arbitrary categories,
b)  the tags are how people shelve their books on Goodreads, which suggests that if they use the magic realism tag it probably means something to them,
c) now that Goodreads is owned by Amazon it is likely that it will start impacting on how books are found on Amazon.

I only feature here those books which had over a thousand star ratings, as this ensured that the number of tags were sufficient to get a meaningful result. I excluded a few books which I had reviewed but had doubts about whether they were magic realist. 

I intend, when I have time, to examine all the books on the blog that meet the criteria, which will give a more accurate picture. But here are the results with top tags in order of popularity for those I have examined so far:

The Master and Margarita - Classics (1581) Culture Russia (847) Fantasy (589) Literature Russian (423) Literature (342) Magic Realism (295)
Grass Dancer - Historical Fiction (15 ), Magic Realism (10) Fantasy (8) Literature (7) Literature American (4)
Magic for Beginners - Short Stories (358) Fantasy (347) Magic Realism (48) Urban Fantasy (26) Anthologies (23)
So Far From God - Magic Realism (23) Feminist (7) Contemporary (7) Literature (7) Novels (4)
St Lucy's Home for Girls Raised by Wolves - Short Stories (537) Fantasy (114), Magic Realism (81) Book Club (32) Adult (22)
Skellig - Fantasy (325) Young Adult (324) Children's (102) Children's Middle Grade (47 Magic Realism (38)
Museum of Extraordinary Things - Historical Fiction (301) Book Club (73), Fantasy (62) Magic Realism (35) Adult (34)
The House at the End of Hope Street - Fantasy (40) Magic Realism (40) Book Club (11) Adult (11) Adult Fiction (11)
Big Fish - Fantasy (148) Magic Realism (46) Contemporary (29) Adult (22) Humour (21)
Burning Angel - Mystery (75) Mystery Crime (25), Thriller (14) Mystery Thriller (12) Suspense (4)
The Taste of Apple Seeds - Contempory (21 ) German Literature (20 ) Roman (5), Romance (5) Women's Fiction (4) 
The Kingdom of This World - Historical Fiction (33) Magic Realism (30) Spanish Literature (14) Literature (14) Latin American Literature (13)
I Heard an Owl Call My Name - Young Adult (35) Classics (31) Historic (25) Religion (13) Canada (12)
The Woman in the Dunes - Cultural Japan (185) Japanese Literature (149) Literature (60) Classic (57) Novel (38) Magic Realism (32)
The People of Paper - Magic Realism (26) Novel (19) Fantasy (16) Book Club (15) Contemporary (11)
Death at Intervals - Fantasy (80) Literature (55) Magic Realism (46) Novel (40) Cultural Portugal (36)

I was surprised by the results - magic realism features prominently as a tag. Some of the books had dozens of different tags and yet magic realism is often in the top 5 tags. The exceptions are three books where the magic realism is peripheral.

Now this result might be partly because I use the Goodreads Magic Realism lists to identify books, but the lists are generated by Goodreads members voting for their favourites, not by the tagging system. Nevertheless there are lots of Goodreads members with a magic realism bookshelf. I have not had time to look deeper into this or to consider the results fully, but it does appear that Leigh was perhaps too pessimistic about magic realism as a label.

Looking at the other tags most used for the 16 books on my list, 10 were also tagged fantasy, 7 were tagged literature, 4 historic fiction. 4 were tagged contemporary. Of the 13 books which were tagged magic realism, 10 were tagged fantasy, 6 literature, and 3 historic fiction.

So how does this information impact on how an author of magic realism might approach categorizing his/her work? I was surprised that the tag "literary fiction" didn't feature in the top tags even though it is relevant to many of the books listed and there are 184,515 books with that tag on Goodreads and only 2322 with "magic realism".  It would seem that the best choice of category for magic realism as fantasy, indeed even where the highest number of tags were for historical,  the readers were still tagging the books as fantasy.


But how should writers of magic realism use the labels?  Amazon and other online vendors don't offer magic realism as a category, so you must choose an appropriate Amazon category. On Amazon self-published authors can choose two categories for their kindle books. Even if your first choice is historic fiction or literary fiction, it would seem you should probably choose fantasy as your second. But it is probably worth using the label "magic realism" somewhere. You could the words "magic realism" or "magic realist" in your description, which a) means Amazon picks up that the book is magic realism and should list it when someone searches for the term and b) it explains your approach to fantasy or historic fiction etc thus ensuring that those readers who don't want magic realism don't buy the book.  

 

Wednesday, 17 April 2013

Anansi Boys by Neil Gaiman


Fat Charlie Nancy is not actually fat. He was fat once but he is definitely not fat now. No, right now Fat Charlie Nancy is angry, confused and more than a little scared right now his life is spinning out of control, and it is all his dads fault.

If his rotter of an estranged father hadn't dropped dead at a karaoke night, Charlie would still be blissfully unaware that his dad was Anansi the spider god. He would have no idea that he has a brother called Spider, who is also a god. And there would be no chance that said brother would be trying to take over his life, flat and fiancee
, or, to make matters worse, be doing a much better job of it than him. Desperate to reclaim his life, Charlie enlists the help of four more-than-slightly eccentric old ladies and their unique brand of voodoo and between them they unleash a bitter and twisted force to get rid of Spider. But as darkness descends and badness begins is Fat Charlie Nancy going to get his life back in one piece or is he about to enter a whole netherworld of pain?
Goodreads description


I have been a fan of Neil Gaiman's writing ever since I found Neverwhere on a bookshelf in a flat I was staying in for a city break. Instead of visiting the sights I spent a whole day in the nearest cafe reading the book. I just loved the dark edge to his writing. American Gods followed, which was even darker and which I enjoyed even more. I also enjoyed Good Omens, the book that Neil Gaiman wrote with Terry Pratchett.

Gaiman's books to my mind stand on the fantasy edge of magic realism. In American Gods the settlers to the New World brought with them the gods of their homelands. These gods exist unrecognised alongside mortals but they retain much of their power. Anansi Boys picks up on this theme, but focuses on one god - Anansi, the trickster spider god brought from Africa to America and the Caribbean. Fat Charlie Nancy is a typical Gaiman central character - an ordinary sort of guy who discovers that he has hidden reserves and talents. There is nothing groundbreaking in this book therefore; Gaiman is following a successful formula. 

The main difference is the tone. Gone is the darkness of his earlier works and instead the treatment is often humourous and the characters are more predictable, even on occasion somewhat two-dimensional. That is not to say that I didn't enjoy reading this book - I did. It was just a less demanding and inspiring read and whereas I still have memories of scenes in Neverwhere and American Gods (even though I haven't read them for years) I know it won't be the same with this book. 

This a great book to take on holiday. Preferably take it on holiday to a small Caribbean island, such as the one on which the book ends. This is a mellow story suited to the Caribbean god, which slips down like a cocktail. There are some great lines to have you chuckling over your drink: It was not that he was feckless, more that he had simply not been around the day they handed out feck.  

The book is less about the interaction between the gods and men, as was the case with American Gods, as it is about storytelling and the power of song. Anansi's power lies in his ability to tell stories and this is transferred to his son.

Stories are like spiders, with all they long legs, and stories are like spiderwebs, which man gets himself all tangled up in but which look so pretty when you see them under a leaf in the morning dew, and in the elegant way that they connect to one another, each to each.

What’s that? You want to know if Anansi looked like a spider? Sure he did, except when he looked like a man.

No, he never changed his shape. It’s just a matter of how you tell the story. That’s all. 

Wednesday, 5 September 2012

The Wood Wife by Terri Windling


Leaving behind her fashionable West Coast life, Maggie Black comes to the Southwestern desert to pursue her passion and her dream. Her mentor, the acclaimed poet Davis Cooper, has mysteriously died in the canyons east of Tucson, bequeathing her his estate and the mystery of his life-- and death.

Maggie is astonished by the power of this harsh but beautiful land and captivated by the uncommon people who call it home-- especially Fox, a man unlike any she has ever known, who understands the desert's special power.

As she reads Cooper's letters and learns the secrets of his life, Maggie comes face-to-face withe the wild, ancient spirits of the desert-- and discovers the hidden power at its heart, a power that will take her on a journey like no other.

Goodreads Book Description

I always have a bit of a problem with books about writers or artists and this book has both. My creative English teacher, who first recognised my skill as a writer and poet, taught me to avoid writing about writers, regarding it as self-indulgent. Unfortunately there are a lot of books and art that are self-referential nowadays, indeed it seems to be highly popular with the people who give awards and other accolades. On the face of it I should have had a problem with this book, but I didn't. 

Why didn't I? Well, despite being on the face of it about art, it is actually about magic as reality. The poet Davis Cooper and his wife Anna are dead by the time the story begins and yet they are major characters in the book. Cooper's poems and letters punctuate a tale seen primarily from Maggie's point of view, Anna's mystical pictures are a dark presence in the book. The poems and art portray creatures which at first we might believe to be fantastic and archetypal, but during the course of the book are revealed to be real. These creatures are clearly drawn from the Native American myths, but as a Brit I was interested to see that they bore similarities to British mythic figures - such as the horned man and the wild hunt. I was reminded of the work of the British writer Alan Garner, who portrays a modern world in which the old gods are just below the service.  

The characters are part of the landscape: 
Windmage/Owl Boy: Sky
Rootmage/Root Mother: Earth
Floodmage/Drowned Girl: South etc.

The landscape, the flora and fauna that live within it, are beautifully portrayed in the book. I do not know the desert of the South West, but I felt I was walking through it. The other characters are also well drawn with complex personalities, which at times merge with the mythic. The only fault I would find in the characterisation is that Maggie and all the others accept the reality of the mythic creatures without any resistance. I would have thought that at least one of them might have struggled with the idea and thus given us a bit more conflict. But then I suppose I can't have it both ways!